منابع مشابه
Counterfactuals
Counterfactuals arc a form of commonsense non-monotonic inference that has been of long-term interest to philosophers. In this paper, we begin by describing some of the impact counterfactuals can be exported to have in artif icial intelligence, and by reviewing briefly some of the philosophical conclusions which have been drawn about them. Philosophers have noted that the content of any particu...
متن کاملInformative Counterfactuals
A single counterfactual conditional can have a multitude of interpretations that differ, intuitively, in the connection between antecedent and consequent. Using structural equation models (SEMs) to represent event dependencies, we illustrate various types of explanation compatible with a given counterfactual. We then formalize in the SEM framework the notion of an acceptable explanation, identi...
متن کاملRational Counterfactuals
This paper introduces the concept of rational countefactuals which is an idea of identifying a counterfactual from the factual (whether perceived or real) that maximizes the attainment of the desired consequent. In counterfactual thinking if we have a factual statement like: ‘Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait and consequently George Bush declared war on Iraq‘ then its counterfactuals is: ‘If Saddam...
متن کاملThe Community College Effect Revisited: The Importance of Attending to Heterogeneity and Complex Counterfactuals.
Community colleges are controversial educational institutions, often said to simultaneously expand college opportunities and diminish baccalaureate attainment. We assess the seemingly contradictory functions of community colleges by attending to effect heterogeneity and to alternative counterfactual conditions. Using data on postsecondary outcomes of high school graduates of Chicago Public Scho...
متن کاملRelevant Backtracking: Improved Intelligent Backtracking Using Relevance
This work investigates and develops a backtracking algorithm with a novel approach to enumerating and traversing search space. A basic logical framework inspired by relevant logics is presented, highlighting relationships between search and refutation proof construction. Mechanisation of a relevance aware Davis Putnam Logemann Loveland procedure is investigated, and this yields an intelligent b...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Mind
سال: 2016
ISSN: 0026-4423,1460-2113
DOI: 10.1093/mind/fzw005